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The Niobrara Formation /ˌnaɪ.əˈbrærə/, also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous. It is composed of two structural units, the Smoky Hill Chalk Member overlying the Fort Hays Limestone Member.ニオブララ累層（ニオブララるいそう）は、後期白亜紀のコニアシアン、サントニアン、カンパニアンにあたる8700 - 8200万年前に堆積した、北アメリカの地層。 2つの構造ユニットからなり、スモーキーヒルチョーク部層がフォートヘイズ石灰岩部層の上に横たわっている。Interbedded chalky reservoirs and marly source rock within the Niobrara Formation put excellent source rocks adjacent to high porosity, low permeability reservoir intervals. This 350-ft gross source/pay interval is being developed with 1-2 mi long horizontal wellbores in each of the four zones. Four pilot programs determine the well density ...Bulletin 115—Stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation in the Raton Basin, New Mexico. We are a research and service division of: By G. R. Scott, W. A. Cobban, and E. A. Merewether, 1986, 34 pp., 3 tables, 16 figs. ... The rock units and fossils of the Niobara Formation in the Raton Basin are correlated with those near Pueblo ...The Niobrara Formation can be found across much of North America and is formed of two Members; the Smoky Hill Chalk Member and the Fort Hays Limestone Member. The formation is made up of chalk and shale deposits that flowed through the Western Interior Seaway, settling over the course of millions of years. ...Nyctosaurus (meaning "night lizard" or "bat lizard") is a genus of nyctosaurid pterosaur from the Late Cretaceous period of what is now the Niobrara Formation of the mid-western United States, which, during the time Nyctosaurus was alive, was covered in an extensive shallow sea. Some remains belonging to a possible Nyctosaurus species called …Hierosaurus (meaning "sacred lizard") is an extinct genus of nodosaurid ankylosaur which lived during the Late Cretaceous 87 to 82 million years ago. Its fossils were found in the Smoky Hill Chalk Member of the Niobrara Formation, in western Kansas, which would have been near the middle of the Western Interior Sea during the Late Cretaceous.It has been found that the formation stresses on both sides of fractured result in high penetration of proppant in the fracture surfaces, although proppant remains un-deformed. ... Prasad M. Fracturing fluid effects on Young’s modulus and embedment in the Niobrara formation. In: SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Amsterdam, …The Niobrara Formation is one of the most extensive rock units in the Great Plains, and was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous Period. [57] Michael J. Everhart, “Revisions to the Biostratigraphy of the Mosasauridae (Squamata) in the Smoky Hill Chalk Member of the Niobrara Chalk (Late Cretaceous) of Kansas ...Go back in time at the largest Niobrara Chalk formation in Kansas. This mile-long stretch of 100-foot-tall spires and cliffs opened to the public as Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park in October 2019. ... Niobrara Chalk Formations The iconic Niobrara chalk formations in Little Jerusalem Badlands State Park were formed 85 million years ago ...The Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation in the Denver-Julesburg (D-J) Basin, United States, records late Turonian-early Campanian transgressive-regressive cycles that governed the rhythmic character of pelagic and detrital sedimentation along the former carbonate ramp of the Western Interior seaway (WIS).Location Region Stratigraphic Name; Smoky Hill River : Logan Co., Kansas, USA: Colorado - Niobrara - Smoky Hill Chalk: Castle Rock-Hackberry : Gove Co., Kansas, USASummary The gas producing section of the Niobrara formation is a low pressure, low permeability chalk. To evaluate the potential of this tight gas reserve, reservoir data were obtained in a systematic program. These data demonstrate that many Niobrara wells can be produced profitably when stimulated by hydraulic fracturing and that an economically optimal fracture treatment can be designed.The productive Niobrara Formation in the basin contains calcareous shale, shaley limestone, and marls as reservoir rocks. According the USGS, reservoir zones in the Niobrara range from 50 to 200 feet in thickness, however, there have been wells drilled in the basin where the zones were near 400 feet. The most prolific benches composed of these ...The primary purpose of the cross sections is to show the stratigraphic relationship of the Niobrara equivalent strata and associated rocks in the lower part of the Cody Shale in the Wind River Basin. These two cross sections were constructed using borehole geophysical logs from 37 wells drilled for oil and gas exploration and production, and ...When exceeded, a N 2 gas phase forms in the sedimentary unit. N 2 gas-phase formation partitions other pore-water-dissolved gases from the water into the new gas phase, including He (and H 2 if ...The Pierre Shale is underlain by the calcareous Niobrara Formation and overlain by the Fox Hills Sandstone. Both contacts are conformable and transitional. The base of the Pierre is at the top of a persistent orange-weathering chalk bed that forms a hogback at the top of the Smoky Hill Shale Member of the Niobrara Formation.In this study, we utilized subsurface core samples from Wolfcamp shale formation and outcrop core samples from Niobrara shale formation. The United States is the leading global hydrocarbon producer according to the U.S. Department of Energy report, and the shale formations in the United States have contributed significantly to this feat ( EIA ...Here, perdeuterated methane (CD4) behavior was investigated in a sample from the Late Cretaceous Niobrara Formation at the late oil/wet gas window using wide Q- ...The formation also is easily identified on electric logs. Thickness--Thickness of the Niobrara Formation in Kansas ranges from 0 to 750 feet (Fig. 19). Figure 19--Isopachus map of Niobrara Formation in Kansas. Contour interval 50 feet. A larger version of this figure is available. Berry Falls . NPS photo. Waterfalls occur where streams flowing into the Niobrara run over the erosion-resistant Rosebud formation. Over 230 waterfalls occur along the westernmost part of the Niobrara, including the state's highest—Smith Falls, which plunges approximately 63 feet before flowing several hundred yards into the river.The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has conducted a number of geology-based assessments of undiscovered oil and gas resources in the Uinta-Piceance Basin (USGS Province 5020) of western Colorado and Eastern Utah. Recent assessments include. 2018 Continuous tight-gas in Mesaverde Group and Wasatch Formation ( Fact Sheet 2019-3027) 2016 ...

The B Marl is the most oilprone source rock of the Niobrara Formation. Figure 19 6690' TVD B Marl with abundant bentonite (light p pieces) with trace disseminated pyrite (red arrows). There is also some calcite and fossils (white arrow). In the B Marl, the bentonite is generally devoid of pyrite, or if present it has very fine grained ...The stratigraphy of the Niobrara Formation was described in early. work by Scott and Cobban (1964), where formal and informal. subdivisions were defined. The same subdivisions were consistently used.Geosternbergia is an extinct pteranodontid - pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Late Cretaceous geological period of North America. It was one of the largest pterosaur genera and had a wingspan of up to 7.25 meters (23.8 feet). Geosternbergia was among the largest pterosaurs, with the wingspan of most adults ranging between 3–6 meters …Niobrara Formation in North Dakota is a gray to tan calcareous shale that was deposited in the shallow waters of the Cretaceous Interior Seaway around 80 million years ago. The Niobrara Formation can be found throughout the mid-continent of the U.S. and Canada and was named for exposures near the mouth of the Niobrara River in Knox County ...

In the 1990s, a well-preserved mosasaur skull of uncertain identity, which was discovered in an outcrop of the Niobrara Formation in the northwestern part of Ellis County, Kansas in 1968 and cataloged in the Sternberg Museum as FHSM VP-2295, was recognized by multiple authors as being a new species of Tylosaurus. Despite such recognition ...The Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Formation in the Denver-Julesburg (D-J) Basin, United States, records late Turonian–early Campanian transgressive–regressive ……

Reader Q&A - also see RECOMMENDED ARTICLES & FAQs. The chalk beds in the Niobrara Formation (targets o. Possible cause: A cervical vertebra of the large, pelagic pterodactyloid pterosaur Pteran.